Transactional Leadership Based on Contingent Rewards for Principals in Improving Teacher Performance

Authors

  • Mohammad Farhan Haikal Universitas KH. Abdul Chalim, Mojokerto, Indonesia
  • Heru Setiawan Universitas KH. Abdul Chalim, Mojokerto, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59374/waosan.v1i1.1

Keywords:

Transactional Leadership, Contingent Reward, Teacher Productivity

Abstract

This study aims to describe the transactional leadership model implemented by the principal and evaluate its contribution to improving teacher productivity at SMP Negeri 2 Jatirejo. The main focus of this study is on the characteristics of contingent rewards, namely the provision of rewards based on specific performance achievements. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The research findings indicate that the principal implements transactional leadership by providing clear direction regarding work goals and expectations, determining specific forms of rewards, conducting regular evaluations of teacher performance, and providing appreciation for work achievements. This approach has been proven to be able to increase teacher motivation and work enthusiasm, which is reflected in their active involvement in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of learning. This leadership style also encourages the creation of an orderly, fair, and directed work environment to support a quality educational process. The conclusion of this study indicates that the implementation of transactional leadership based on contingent rewards plays an important role in improving teacher productivity. This research is expected to provide input for educational policymakers and principals in managing human resources effectively in the school environment

References

Advani, A. (2015, February 1). Impact of Transformational and Transactional Leadership Styles on Employees’ Performance of Banking Sector in Pakistan [SSRN Scholarly Paper]. Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2669416

Ajayi, V. O. (2023, February 28). A Review on Primary Sources of Data and Secondary Sources of Data [SSRN Scholarly Paper]. Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5378785

Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership: Good, better, best. Organizational Dynamics, 13(3), 26–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-2616(85)90028-2

Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1993). Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture. Public Administration Quarterly, 17(1), 112–121.

Birasnav, M. (2014). Knowledge management and organizational performance in the service industry: The role of transformational leadership beyond the effects of transactional leadership. Journal of Business Research, 67(8), 1622–1629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.09.006

Boddy, C. R. (2016). Sample size for qualitative research. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 19(4), 426–432. https://doi.org/10.1108/QMR-06-2016-0053

Brahim, A. B., Ridic, O., & Jukic, T. (2015). The Effect of Transactional Leadership on Employees Performance—Case Study of 5 Algerian Banking Institutions. Economic Review: Journal of Economics and Business, 13(2), 7–20.

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. SAGE Publications.

Dermawan, O., Yusuf, T. K., Defriyanto, D., Busmayaril, B., & Segu, S. (2026). Sharia-Oriented Financial Management in Islamic Boarding Schools. Create: Journal of Islamic Management and Business, 2(1), 18–33. https://doi.org/10.59373/create.v2i1.273

Dewi, N. N., & Rochmaningsih, B. (2024). Implementasi Supervisi Kelompok dan Kerjasama Tim dalam Peningkatan Motivasi dan Kinerja Guru. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(4), 3553–3568. https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i4.12472

Jafarudin, M. (2025). Kepuasan Kerja Pegawai Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kinerja OrganisasI. PT. Revormasi Jangkar Philosophia.

Levitt, H. M. (2021). Qualitative generalization, not to the population but to the phenomenon: Reconceptualizing variation in qualitative research. Qualitative Psychology, 8(1), 95–110. https://doi.org/10.1037/qup0000184

Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1984). Drawing Valid Meaning from Qualitative Data: Toward a Shared Craft. Educational Researcher, 13(5), 20–30. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X013005020

M.Pd.I, D. I. S., S. Ag ,. SE ,. M. Pd, Dr Mukhoyyaroh, S. Ag ,. M. A, dan Dr Yunus, S. Pd I. (2022). Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru. Penerbit Adab.

Ratnaningrum, R., Haryanti, F., & Nurhidayat, E. (2022). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening. Dinamika: Jurnal Manajemen Sosial Ekonomi, 2(2), 76–86. https://doi.org/10.51903/dinamika.v1i1.227

Regiasa, T. (2023). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Motivasi Kerja Instrinsik, Dan Motivasi Kerja Ekstrinsik Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kabupaten Pandeglang. Jurnal Bina Bangsa Ekonomika, 16(2), 750–759. https://doi.org/10.46306/jbbe.v16i2.438

RI, S. J. M. (2024). Konsistensi Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Penting untuk Wujudkan Generasi Unggul di masa Datang. Retrieved 22 March 2026, from Mpr.go.id website: https://www.mpr.go.id/berita/Konsistensi-Peningkatan-Kompetensi-Guru-Penting-untuk-Wujudkan-Generasi-Unggul-di-masa-Datang

Saleem, A., Aslam, S., Yin, H., & Rao, C. (2020). Principal Leadership Styles and Teacher Job Performance: Viewpoint of Middle Management. Sustainability, 12(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12083390

Semarang, R. (2026). Kepala Sekolah Bukan Sekadar Administrator: Paradigma Baru Demi Kompetensi Guru Lebih Maju - Radar Semarang. Retrieved 22 March 2026, from Kepala Sekolah Bukan Sekadar Administrator: Paradigma Baru Demi Kompetensi Guru Lebih Maju—Radar Semarang website: https://radarsemarang.jawapos.com/artikel/726315954/kepala-sekolah-bukan-sekadar-administrator-paradigma-baru-demi-kompetensi-guru-lebih-maju

Sirisookslip, S., Ariratana, W., & Ngang, T. K. (2015). The Impact of Leadership Styles of School Administrators on Affecting Teacher Effectiveness. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 186, 1031–1037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.022

Sufiyah, S., Mof, Y., & Hermina, D. (2024). Model Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dan Model Kepemimpinan Transaksioanal Pada Pembelajaran PAI. Islamic Education, 3(4), 199–212.

Susanty, S., Aslamiah, A., Norhapizah, N., & Novitawati, N. (2025). Evaluasi Kinerja Guru SD Di Kabupaten Tabalong Menggunakan Metode Kuantitatif. Professional: Jurnal Komunikasi Dan Administrasi Publik, 12(1), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.37676/professional.v12i1.7500

Sutrisno, S., Karyono, K., & Sawir, M. (2023). Analysis of Work Attitudes and Work Discipline on Work Productivity. Jurnal Ekonomi, 12(01), 54–58.

Wanjiru, M. E., Njihia, R., & Ndanu, C. (2025). Principals’ Transactional Leadership Style and Teachers’ Job Performance in Private Secondary Schools In Nairobi County, Kenya. European Journal of Education Studies, 12(11). https://doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v12i11.6326

Downloads

Published

2026-03-23

Issue

Section

Articles